Speaker's Brief Introduction： Prof. Giacomo Roati is a Director of Research at the National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO, Italy) and a LENS fellow. He is a leading experimentalist in ultracold atoms and quantum simulation. His research focuses on degenerate quantum matter in ultracold atomic gases, with an emphasis on quantum transport phenomena. He is widely known for pioneering studies of Anderson localization in optical lattices, spin transport in degenerate Fermi gases, and Josephson physics in strongly interacting fermionic superfluids, as well as recent work on vortex dynamics and instabilities in atomic superfluids.
Abstract: Topological defects play a fundamental role in shaping the properties and structures of diverse out-of- equilibrium physical and biological systems across a wide range of scales. These include planetary atmospheres, turbulent flows in classical and quantum fluids, and electrical signaling in excitable biological media. In superfluids and superconductors, the motion of quantized vortices is tied to the onset of dissipation, which limits the superflow. Understanding vortex dynamics remains a challenge due to the complex interplay among vortices, disorder and system dimensionality. We address this challenge by exploring vortex matter in strongly interacting Fermi superfluids made of ultracold atoms. By designing
specific vortex configurations and tracking their trajectories with high spatial resolution, we transform our system into an ideal "quantum laboratory" for probing the fundamental nature of vortex-driven instabilities and dissipation. Our research paves the way for deeper insights into vortex-matter phenomena in strongly correlated superfluids.